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2025.11.05 05:29
第九部 第叁课: ups and downs , down and out
- 今天我们要给大家讲的两个习惯用语是由两个很简单的字组成的.我们先来讲第一个: ups and downs.在一般情况下, up 和 down 都是用做副词,但是在这个习惯用语裡,它们都是名词,后面都还加上了 s.表示多数. Up 的意思就是 “向上、在上面”; down 就是 “向下、在下面”. Ups and downs 做為俗语就是指 “一个人的运气时好时坏”,或者是 “在某一件事上成功和失败不断循环”.换句话说, ups and downs 就是 “起伏、波折”.这是每个人都难免要遇到的.下面就是一个例子:
- Mister White sure has had his ups and downs. He's made a fortune three times and then lost it all. But he doesn't have to worry - his wife is rich. When her father died last year, she inherited two million dollars.
- 这句话的意思是:“白先生一生经歷了不少起伏.他叁次发了财,可是后来又全亏损了.但是,他不用担心,他太太很有钱.去年她爸爸去世的时候,她继承了两百万美元。”
- 虽然碰到起伏波折是常事,但是谁都喜欢万事顺顺当当,不要有波折.这是一个父亲在為自己的女儿担心:
- Carol has had all sorts of ups and downs preparing for her wedding - problems with the wedding gown and so on. Then on the big day, the flowers and the cake didn't arrive on time. She's very upset - these aren't lucky signs for a marriage.
- 这位父亲说:“卡罗尔在為婚礼做準备的过程中遇到许多波折,结婚礼服出了问题,以及其他不顺利的事.举行婚礼的那一天,鲜花和蛋糕又没有準时送到.她非常不高兴.这些对婚姻来说都不是好的徵象。”
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- 现在我们来讲第二个习惯用语,这个习惯用语跟刚才讲的只差一个字.那就是: down and out. Down and out 就是 “一个人不仅没有工作、没有钱,而且也没有朋友帮忙”.也就是中文裡说的 “穷困潦倒”.美国人的生活方式跟中国人的生活方式很不同.他们对理财的观念似乎也跟中国人不一样.也许跟美国歷来的经济繁荣有关係;美国人往往不在乎借钱.在美国,借钱买东西、出去旅行、装修和美化住房,然后再分期连本带利地还.这是很普遍的做法.下面这个例子是说一个人倒霉的经歷:
- Jeff used to have a very good job making enough money for a comfortable life. But he is a big spender and has never saved a penny. Last year, his company went broke and he lost his job. Now he's down and out.
- 这句话的意思是:“杰夫以前有一个很好的工作,收入足够他舒舒服服地过日子.但是,他手脚很大,从来没有攒(储存)过一分钱.去年,他的公司破產了,他也丢了工作.现在,他是一贫如洗,什麼也没有了。”
- 有的人工作很辛苦,但是一直在挣扎.这样的人很受别人的同情.下面这个例子就是在说这样的一个人:
- My friend Daniel has no education so it's hard for him to find a decent job and earn enough money for his family. Right now the poor guy is really down and out. I hope his children will help him out when they start working.
- 这句话的意思是:“我的朋友丹尼尔没有受过教育,所以很难找到一个像样的工作,有足够的收入来养家活口.现在,可怜的旦尼尔真是处於穷困潦倒的境况.但愿他的孩子开始工作以后可以帮他一点忙。”